Societys Influence on the Relationships in A Doll’s House...

Society shapes and molds both people and relationships in both good and bad ways. In a Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, Torvald and Nora’s relationship was destructive because of society, shown in the novel through symbols, motifs, and indirect characterization. Their relationship was ultimately strained by the views of others, society, showing that if marital views of society are embraced in a marriage, the marriage will fall apart. Torvald’s relationship with Nora was greatly affected by the views society had of women’s roles both in marriage and as a stereotypical stay-at-home mother. The destructive affect by society on the relationship of Torvald and Nora is shown in the play by symbolism. Torvald’s use of childlike and slightly condescending nicknames towards Nora shows how men viewed women as inferior. Torvald’s â€Å"pet† nicknames, as one would use these names to call a pet or a child, represents the submissive representation Torvald gives to both Nora and women in general by Torvald saying â€Å"Is it my little squirrel bustling about?† (Ibsen, 2) and â€Å"Is that my little lark twittering out there?† (2). These quotes show that Torvald uses submissive and child-like nicknames to show his superiority to Nora and the unequal marriage between Torvald and Nora. With one spouse as inferior, this shows how marriages are strained, as women in relationships wan t an equal relationship. Torvald’s nicknames to Nora symbolize the time period and the Victorian time, how men were the providersShow MoreRelatedHerik Ibsen: Father of Modern Drama1459 Words   |  6 Pages2013 Henrik Ibsen as â€Å"The Father of Modern Drama† Henrik Ibsen has long been referred to as the Father of Modern Drama, and such title has rightly been given so. Mr. Ibsen was one of the pioneer theatre dramaturges that began the Modernism Movement, primarily known as the Realism Movement. Modernism/Realism was a revolutionary idea back in Ibsen s time. Many concepts of theater - including plots, dialogue, and characters – were renovated in order to make theater more useful to society’s goalsRead MoreA Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen Essay961 Words   |  4 PagesIn Henrik Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House, pointedly captures the reality of the Victorian Era within the play. Nora Helmer, the protagonist of the story, represents the typical women in society during that era. The audience’s first impression of Nora is a money obsessed, childish, obedient house wife to her husband, Torvald Helmer. However, as the play progresses one can see that Nora is far from being that typical ideal trophy wife, sh e is an impulsive liar who goes against society’s norm to be whomRead MoreThe Importance Of Being A Doll s House1627 Words   |  7 PagesImportance of Being Earnest and A Dolls House have been subjects of controversy since their creation. How the plays characterize the parodies of society as a gilded cage are directly related to the writers and how they were treated in their real lives. From the standpoint of the importance of being earnest the main characters, male and female, cope with their understanding of society’s view of marriage and the implied roles they must play. While the play A Doll’s House has a different thought on the rolesRead MoreHow do both The Stranger by Albert Camus and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen explore free will?1631 Words   |  7 Pagesbe different. The same holds true with Henrik Ibsen’s classic play, A Doll’s House, concerning Nora, a mother who abandons her family in order to pursue her own happiness. Both characters, while set in opposing societies, exhibit similar characteristics: a courageous, if not reckless, pursuit of happiness, be it physical in the case of Meursault or mental for Nora, and the relentless disregard of social standards and norms in the chase for free will. Both Ibsen and Camus use the pervading theme ofRead More Essay on the Growth of Nora and Kristina Linde in Ibsens A Dolls House1025 Words   |  5 PagesThe Growth of Nora and Kristina Linde in A Dolls House      Ã‚  Ã‚   A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen, is a play that was written ahead of its time. In this play Ibsen tackles prevailing social norms by presenting two strong-willed women. Both Kristina and Nora chose the men they married by an intellectual rather than an emotional process: Kristina gave up the man she loved (Nils Krogstad) to provide economic security for her mother and her two younger brothers; Nora married Torvald Helmer at a timeRead MoreAnalysis of the Character of Mrs. Linde in A Dolls House1084 Words   |  5 PagesThe American author Napoleon Hill once stated â€Å"think twice before you speak, because your words and influence will plant the seed of either success or failure in the mind of another.† In Henrick Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House, the character of Mrs. Linde contributes to the exposition and pivotal moment of the decideding factors of Krogstad, she also has a profound influence on the character development of Nora Helmer. Mrs. Linde dire ctly contributes to Nora’s moment of realization and Nora’s decisionRead More Ibsen, Strindberg and Feminism Essay examples2824 Words   |  12 Pageshuman were creating shock and upset and began to revolutionised society’s outlook on the world. The naturalist movement in literature also coincided with the beginnings of women’s emancipation throughout the western world. Scandinavia, as well as experiencing The Modern Breakthrough, was also dealing with its own political struggles for national identity. For Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg the early woman’s movement was to influence their writing greatly. Many associate both playwrights with playingRead More Comparing the Truth in A Dolls House and Hedda Gabler Essay3077 Words   |  13 PagesTruth Exposed in A Dolls House and Hedda Gabler      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   No other dramatist had ever meant so much to the women of the stage, claimed Elizabeth Robins, the actress who performed the title role in the English-language premier of Hedda Gabler in London in 1891 (Farfan 60). Henrik Ibsen was a Norwegian dramatist and poet whose works are notorious for their unveiling of the truths that society preferred to keep hidden. Ibsen was sensitive to womens issues and through his works, he advocated forRead MoreRealism and Ibsens a Dolls House Essay1527 Words   |  7 PagesIbsen: Keeping it Real Since 1879 Realism is a style of writing in which the author strays away from romance and fantasy and leans toward the everyday life of real people and the negative aspects of their lives. The Norwegian author Henrik Ibsen captures the true essence of realism in his famously controversial play A Doll’s House. Nora is an idealistic wife who bows down to her husband’s commands and fulfills his every wish. When Torvald, her husband, fell sick she did everything she could to saveRead MoreA Dolls House1069 Words   |  5 PagesA Doll’s House takes place in 19th century Norway and Ibsen provides the audience a view of the societal shackles of the era that would imprison women in their own houses. Ibsen introduces Mrs. Linde at early stage of the play as Nora’s old school friend with whom Nora could share her secret and this serves as a way of letting the audience know about Nora’s struggles. Mrs. Linde is an independent woman whose character serves as a foil to Nor a’s character in the play. Throughout the play, A Doll’s

Impact of Advertisements on Peoples Decisions - 2283 Words

Influence of Advertisements on peoples decisions Introduction: Advertisement is a form of communication for marketing and used to encourage or persuade an audience (viewers, readers or listeners; sometimes a specific group) to continue or take some new action. Most commonly, the desired result is to drive consumer behavior with respect to a commercial offering, although political and ideological advertising is also common. In Latin, ad vertere means â€Å"to turn the mind toward.† True to its literal meaning, advertisements have been successful in drawing peoples attention to the respective products. Modern advertising was created with the innovative techniques introduced with tobacco advertisement in the 1920s, most significantly with the†¦show more content†¦American children ages 12-17 will ask a parent for products they have seen on television an average of nine times until parents finally give in. Advertisers appeal to several common psychological themes to motivate people to buy their products. Some of the most common psychological appeals are to self-preservation, sex, self-esteem, fear, authority, and imitation. Advertisers often use a technique called â€Å"affective condition,† which means they take a product and place it next to other things consumers feel positively about. For example, a detergent ad will juxtapose their brand with babies, sunshine, flowers, or other similar items. Repeatedly showing their brand with these items makes consumers feel good about the detergent too. Studies show that repeated exposure to a stimulus that is barely perceptible creates an â€Å"exposure effect,† which increases positive feelings toward the object. For example, even though most people do not click banner ads, the ads still positively influence the way people feel about the product. In fact, the â€Å"wear out† effect of banner ads did not appear even after 20 exposures. Channel One delivers two minutes of advertising and 10 minutes of news to approximately 7.7 million students. Over 27% of Channel One advertisements are for junk and 10% are for military recruitment. Channel One also advertises movies, TV shows, and video gamesShow MoreRelatedOnline Consumer Behavior1714 Words   |  7 Pagesway more services and motivation and decision making process directly connected to the feedbacks. In order to describe the most influential internet activities it would be correct to describe internet advertisement. There are a lot of ads we observe each day: streets, billboards, shopping malls, TV and etc. Internet space is overcrowded with any kind of ads. The main important aspect of internet space is that internet is â€Å"the best friend† of contemporary people and it’s important to mention thatRead More Advertisements Help Women Make Informed Decisions Essay919 Words   |  4 Pages Do advertisements give us a false sense of reality? 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Advertising is not only a formRead MoreThe Poaching Of Animals And The Subsequent Trading Of Illegal Animals1621 Words   |  7 Pagespowerful advertisements that address issues such as poaching, an example of which can be seen in a visual advertisement released in 2008 (See Appendix). The image, which can be identified by the caption â€Å"don’t buy exotic animal souvenirs,† effectively deters consumers away from buying illegal animal products through the use of visual rhetoric such as a realistic setting, color and contrast, and gender stereotyping. In order to fully understand the motivations and meaning behind the advertisement, itRead MoreAnalysis of an Image-Based Advertisement: McDonalds1420 Words   |  6 PagesImage Based Advertisement 1.The image based advertisement is a form of communication intended to appeal to customers through the help of visual elements. These visual based elements refer to the text of the advertisement, to the images portrayed by it, to the colors used in it, and others. The text of the advertisement is able to appeal viewers in several manners. It is the actual words that have great impact on viewers. In other words, the meaning of the text, the message that is communicatedRead MoreThe Effects Of Advertising On Society s Food Choices918 Words   |  4 PagesHow we can be so manipulated into eating something so terrible, or good for us? People in the world have to make the choice between fast food and healthy eating. Between television commercials, magazines advertisements, and billboards it can be hard to make the right decision. Food advertisements sometime choose women in their ads to attract men. Also, they sometimes show meals with toys to attract children. On the other hand, some ads use contrast in their ads. 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Therefore, advertisements are increasingly influencing and changing the behavior and cultural conscious of the public. Therefore, it provides a higher qua lity of good by identifyingRead MoreAristotle s Rhetoric And The Three Different Formations Of The Theory1260 Words   |  6 Pagesp. 2). The speaker should not take the audience as a whole and degrade the topic they are speaking about to try to change the perspective of the people in the audience. Aristotle would rather the speaker make the most intellectual argument available to try and change the opinions of each individual. A study was done using the rhetoric in advertisement today. The study was done to investigate how rhetoric values can be found within a few controversial ad settings. This jest of this study is to proveRead MoreAdvertising Is A Kind Of Communication831 Words   |  4 Pagesto know how to link the information with advertising and determine how to allocate resource marketing for that. In the late 1990s the digital marketing advent made it easier for marketers to connect with consumers faster (Nichols, 2013). While advertisements can take many forms today, such as television ads, newspaper ads, radio ads and Internet ads. There are several purposes of general advertising some of them found information about how to use the product the first time, others create a brand in

The Terror Of World War II Essay - 1492 Words

The Terror of WWII I. Adolf Hitler is no doubt the most infamous person that ever existed on this planet. He had an impact on the whole world during WWII. Hitler was the leader of the Nazi party during the second World War. Adolf Hitler had hated the Jews and had imprisoned them in what is known as concentration camps and had killed over 17 million people during WWII. II. Early Life a. Born April 20, 1889 in Braunau am Inn, Austria. b. His grandfather was in fact Jewish. c. He had grown up in a â€Å"middle-class† life style. III. Education a. Hitler had always considered education to be a very important factor of everyone’s life. b. He went to Bundesrealgymnasium Steyr, Volksschule Lambach, and Bundesrealgymnasium Linz. c. His IQ is said to be 135-140. IV. Career a. Head of the Nazi party of Germany. b. He was the Fuhrer of Germany or â€Å"leader† c. He was a Gefreiter (lance corporal) in WWI V. Accomplishments a. Hitler had some â€Å"good† accomplishments like ending the Great Depression in Germany. b. He achieved his economic miracle by rebuilding the German military forces. c. He had also restored the German economy to what was once a great economy. But then again, He’s Hitler, and all the â€Å"good† things he did had some evil meaning behind them. VI. Am end to an era a. Hitler committed suicide in his underground bunker on April 30, 1945, Berlin, Germany. b. It was an end to the Nazi party and to many was the end to a horror. c. He does not have any children but he had married aShow MoreRelatedWar On Terror And Terrorism1300 Words   |  6 PagesWar on Terror After the incident of September 11, 2001, War on Terror became a serious problem. That attack made huge effects on U.S government and many other countries. Many innocent people lost their lives because of those terrorists. No one knows if an incident like the one on September 11 will happen again, but we have to know that â€Å"we are the primary target†. According to Patrick Coaty’s â€Å"War on Terror,† the terrorism has been developed throughout history. So that people should know to fightRead MoreWar on Terror1421 Words   |  6 PagesPOL SCI 180 PATRICK COATY WAR ON TERROR I, myself, before September 11, 2001 did not know what terrorism was. It is completely a new term for me, and I could never figure how terrible it is. But then, experiencing and witnessing the feeling of losing the one you loved who was a victim of that disaster, I recognized that the world is no longer as safe as before. Today, not only America but also Britain, Spain, Indonesia†¦became the target of terrorists. The terror tissue is the most challengedRead MoreTerrorism Is Global Issue That Have Occurred Around The World? Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesTerrorism are global issue that have occurred around the world. 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Although they are not really noticeable to most of the audience, the author of a famous anime, Attack on Titan, Hajime Isayama demonstrated that such neo-nationalist factors actually exist in animes when he showed a strong support towards Japan’s past aggressive wars and colonialismRead MoreChapter 29 Study Guide831 Words   |  4 Pages-Lightening War 3.The slogan repeated in fascist Italy was - Il Duce (the leader) is always right. 4.Which of the following scientific and technological innovations were not spurred by World War II? -tanks 5.The stock market crash of 1929 turned into -the deepest, most widespread depression in history. 6.The Holocaust is estimated to have killed ________ Jews. - 6 million 7.If the allies had agreed sooner to allow the Japanese to retain the emperor -the war might have endedRead MoreIs The Cold War Really Over?1430 Words   |  6 PagesDanny Le Mr. Frey AP US Govt. 15 Nov. 2014 Is the Cold War Really Over? Many Americans have controversies whether the Cold War is over or not. The Cold War era began with ideological battles in the West and East. Political tensions and events are growing in the current conflicts in the Middle East and varied countries. The term â€Å"cold war† has rose again as new conflicts emerged from the Cold War era. After the prolong conflict between the West and East, the two sides continued their movement toRead MoreThe Rape of Nanking1016 Words   |  5 Pagessurvivors to discuss it. In addition, the horrifying events of The Rape of Nanking only further motivated an uncontrollable desire for aggression, violence, and imperialism in the Asian community evidently leading to the impending destruction caused by World War II. Due to the brutality of the crimes committed in this time frame, many people still to this day stray away from the discussion of The Rape of Nanking. 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White Privilege The Black Privilege - 988 Words

White Privilege Privilege is defined as â€Å"a special advantage or authority possessed by a particular person or group† in the Cambridge Dictionary. Globally, white individuals are often granted privileges than minority groups do not receive. While white privilege often goes unnoticed by white individuals, it causes many disadvantages for people of color and effects how they see themselves. Furthermore, Affirmative Action attempts to equal the playing field for minorities but is faced with contention by many white people. When asked about white privilege, many whites believe that it is a myth while other deny the existence of white privilege entirely. However, white privilege is not a myth. White privilege is very prevalent in society and uniquely effects many different groups. Peggy McIntosh discusses white privilege in her article â€Å"White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack.† McIntosh states, â€Å"I have come to see while privilege as an invisible pack age of unearned assets which I can count on cashing in each day, but about which I was, meant to remain oblivious† (par. 3). While, white privilege benefits whites it often has an adverse effect on people of color. White privilege comes in many forms. One white privilege is that being white is seen as normal. This is evident when looking at product sold in â€Å"flesh color.† Bandages, hosiery, and undergarments are often marketed as â€Å"flesh tone† but are sold in tones that match white skin (McIntosh, Holladay). It is normalShow MoreRelatedWhite Privilege And Black Privilege1389 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"White privilege refers to the fact that in many societies, â€Å"white† people have access to greater power, authority, and privileges, than non-white people† (Robbins et al. 2013:81). It goes beyond letting white people get away with more than other races; it also discriminates against them. This is well illustrated by the history of white p rivilege in America and how it changed over time (Nkomo Ariss 2013) and how white privilege is used to benefit white people (Blum n.d). Without white privilegeRead MoreWhite Privilege And Black Privilege Essay1837 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper examines how white privilege continues to be constructed today within schools and how teachers have a large role in it. In today’s society, many can go through their lives without understanding what it is or how it effects other people. White privilege is how a person’s lighter skin color benefits them directly from birth and that person doesn’t have to do anything in order to gain these privileges. These privileges are good and usually don’t have any negative consequences for the personRead MoreWhite Privilege And Black Privilege1578 Words   |  7 PagesWhite privilege is the ability for whites to maintain an elevated status in society that masks racial inequality. It is also considered a system of advantage based on race, as well as societal privileges that benefit white people. It is usually known as the â€Å"other†, or the opposite side of discrimination. Some people in society, typically people of color, feel as though people with white skin have benefits over people of color, just because they’re white. White privilege is sometimes seen as a higherRead MoreWhite Privilege : Black Privilege1296 Words   |  6 PagesWhite Privilege in America Whit privilege is still a problem in America. Through history, white privilege has been a major civil conflict in American societies. It is still prevalent today. What most people want to know is if there is a way to prevent the continuation of white privilege. By knowing the history, and the various types of white privilege, there might be a way to overcome and eventually prevent it. To fully understand what white privilege is, one must first understand the origin ofRead MoreWhite Privilege And Black Privilege1593 Words   |  7 PagesWhite Privilege Dick Hebdige in â€Å"From Culture to Hegemony; Subculture: The Unnatural Break† states â€Å"All human societies reproduce themselves in this way through a process of ‘naturalization’. It is through this process- a kind of inevitable reflex of all social life- that particular sets of social relations, particular ways of organizing the world appear to us as if they were universal and timeless,† (142). Hebdige speaks to the fact that the way society is structured and the way people interactRead MoreWhite Privilege And Black Privilege1732 Words   |  7 PagesWhite privilege is an advantage in society that is unmerited. Though it is practiced in every day life (whether it’s subtle or not), the majority views it as â€Å"absurd† and â€Å"non-existent†. It is a taboo that creates feelings of guilt, hostility and anger, but it must be addressed and understood in order to be eradicated. It is necessary for white people to acknowledge their part in maintaining and benefiting from a society that has thrived on racial hierarchy and white supremacy for centuries. WhiteRead MoreWhite Privilege And Black Privilege1340 Words   |  6 PagesThe term â€Å"privilege† is when a person has the right or confused with having the right to do something. For example, for someone to advance their education is not a privilege perhaps it is a right. In some cases during cer tain situation person can be granted the privilege. White privilege is a word greatly used in social rights that advantage individuals to be acknowledged as white in Western countries, afar what is frequently proficient by non-white individuals in the same social, political, orRead MoreWhite Privilege And Black Privilege Essay2193 Words   |  9 Pages When I think about white privilege, I see it as something I must understand to truly feel a relation to my own privileges with race. â€Å"As a white person, I realized I had been taught about racism as something which puts others at a disadvantage, but had been taught not to see one of its corollary aspects, white privilege, which puts me at an advantage.† (McIntosh 1988) When comparing other privileges McIntosh sees that her life is more influenced by her skin color than class, religion, ethnic statusRead MoreWhite Privilege And Black Privilege2557 Words   |  11 PagesWhite Privilege in America Privilege affects everyone, regardless of if they are affected positively or negatively. 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Knowing Self and Self Discovery - 1011 Words

Knowing Self This semester, I had the privilege to experience unrestricted creativity in a structured writing class. Now, as I reflect upon the semester I come to realize how closed minded I really am. This semester, I was challenged as a student writer to draw upon something or find inspiration from within to constructively create a masterpiece with words. Often times, finding or even tapping into my creative nerve was very difficult. Then I came to realize, as a student writer, I am paralyzed by a concept called decision making. In a Public Administration Leadership course I actually learned something about myself. What I had learned really took me back to all the other structured writing classes I have taken over the years. There is a†¦show more content†¦It is on these interconnecting paths we venture off on a journey of trials and tribulations. It is on the journey where we discover our inner-self and the trials and tribulations is where our self-identity beings to form. In the end, it all comes down to a few defining decisions that will forever define who we are or choose to be. Unfortunately, when Barbara’s trial came she was not prepared for the tribulation afterwards. Interesting enough, Barbara walked down a similar path faced a similar trial and tribulation only to fade away. â€Å"There are no satisfactions comparable to a free and spacious childhood with a clear title to one’s own good name at maturity †¦ What price will Barbara have to pay for her ‘big days’ at the typewriter† (p. 71)? The price Barbara and I had to pay was insufficient development growth. Ultimately, it caused us to lose part of ourselves and fade away. Tis Be The End In the end, I come to realize the essays I read throughout the semester were gripping stories about life. A while back a fellow classmate posed a question to the class. He said if I had a son what would be the number one trait I would want him to have? After about a few minutes of silence in the class I uttered the word brave. My class made said, exactly. If I had a son, I would want him to have the courage to stand up for him and not allow life to run him over. Now, I come to realize what most if not all the Great American Essays had in common.Show MoreRelatedJournal Writing967 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Journal Writing Tania Spruill PSY202 2-6-2015 During this class I have made two self- discoveries that will positively impact my career goals. Those self- discoveries has helped to mold, and shape me into a student that I have never thought I would be. Those discoveries were that I am an organized learner, because I made a study plan to help me determine when, and how I would study. Being that I have five children, I had to make sure that I had set a schedule so that my course work including studyRead MoreAnalysis Of Michael Gow Will Be The Road Not Taken By Robert Frost1020 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding and developing into the concept of self-discovery through different types of ways this can include emotional, creative, intellectual, physical and spiritual. So, the question is, does self-discovery only work within an individual or can it be influenced by others around us? Morning, teachers and fellow class mates. My prescribed related text to away by Michael gow will be the road not taken by Robert frost. Away explores the concept of self-discovery and transformation through the charactersRead MoreAnalysis Of Ceremony By Leslie Marmon Silko1054 Words   |  5 Pagesand what our purpose is. In the novel Ceremony, Leslie Marmon Silko paints a picture of self-acceptance and self-discovery. With the help of Tayo’s story between the struggle of his past and his present self, Betonie’s tolerance for the world, and the motif of alcoholism we are able to make this overall statement. In this novel, the characters go through a perpetual struggle with self-acceptance and self-discovery. More often than not, the main character Tayo is conflicted with his own thoughts. TayoRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God1110 Words   |  5 Pagesblack woman who goes throughout life discovering her quest for spiritual enlightenment and self-discovery. In the novel Their Eyes Were Watching God, Hurston explains the hardships as ideas of maturity, sexism, and social class. Throughout the novel, Hurston describes Janie as a young woman with a compelling desire for seeking unconditional love. As Janie searches for her inner self, she begins life not knowing who she is. Janie endures harsh judgment from many people throughout the novel, whichRead MoreSelf-discovery in Toni Bambora ´s The Lesson and Liliana Heker ´s The Stolen Party679 Words   |  3 Pagesand â€Å"The Stolen Party† by Liliana Heker, have used socioeconomic status to create a second theme of self-discovery. The main characters in each of these two stories are young girls who discover their adult selves by the end. A low socioeconomic status was a part of each character’s character development in â€Å"The Lesson† and â€Å"The Stolen Party†, which ultimately forced them down a path of self-discovery. Good Start In both of these literary works, the low socioeconomic status of the main characters isRead MoreIdentity and Belonging Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesIDENTITY AND BELONGING ‘Knowing where you belong is essential to our sense of identity’ The quest for personal discovery is a journey which every individual must undergo. 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Avant

Avant-Garde fashion history Essay Context Page Introduction History of avian-garden 2-3 Avian-garden in fashion history Contemporary fashion and avian-garden Discussion of Suzan Hens autumn/ winter collection Discussion of Assistant Louses 2011 autumn/winter collections- Discussion of Black Coffees 2013 winter collection Discussion of Luda Inglenooks 2012 autumn/winter collection Discussion of Taboo Machetes 2012 collection Conclusion What is avian-garden and how does it fit into South African contemporary fashion design? In order for one to determine if you are for or against avian-garden, and pacifically in relations to South African avian-garden, one must first define avian- garden and explore the origin and history of the movement. According to The Oxford Dictionary of Art, avian-garden is defined as a term originally used to describe the foremost part of an army advancing into battle (also called vanguard) and now applied to a group, particularly of artist, that considers itself innovative and ahead of the majority (Chillers, 2004:42). Avian-garden therefore refers to designs that are new, innovative and cutting edge. South African avian-garden is presently a very small part of the local fashion industry, UT it is a developing fashion trend with great potential. South African avian-garden designers are constantly pushing the envelope in order to stretch the minds of the consumers and other designers. This carries great potential for the South African fashion industry as well as the economy, for if the designers succeed to be truly avian-garden, it is bound to have a positive outcome. I am therefore arguing for the existence and development of South African avian-garden and will be discussing Suzan Hens 2011 autumn/winter range, die form, Assistant Louis 2011 autumn/ winter range, Black Coffees 2013 winter range, WREATHE, Luda Inglenook 2012 autumn/winter range, Anamosa, as well as Taboo Machetes 2012 range, Kabob EAI Balboa. Avian-garden first made its appearance in art during die late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. A small group of artist decided to break away from the rules that bound artist into creating only an established style of art. They actively attacked the institution of art in order to separate and detach themselves from it, but also to reincorporate themselves and their art into life (Berger, 1984: xvii). The first avian- garden art appeared is the Italian Futurism, French Cubism and German Expressionism movements. These movements were so different due to their fundamentally new aspirations and origins in relation between the artist and the world as well as the subject and the object. Dadaism, Surrealism and Constructivism followed soon after, continuing in these aspirations (Cabooses, 1971 : 53). During the late twentieth century, the fashion century came to an end and postposition came into being. This new fashion movement is expressed in the reversal of the relationship between the fashion designer and follower. Since the asss, fashion is no longer initiated by the aristocracy or the bourgeoisie and then hefted down to the general public, but now introduced by the general publics street style where after it moves into the salons of haute couture where it is adapted and mimicked (Vine, 2005: 63). In the asss, fashion designers started implementing the use of non-fashionable elements to create the avian-garden fashion beyond fashion. Western Paris-based fashion designs and ideas were shattered and the idea of dressing oneself as a man, Woman or lady became an out of date concept. The avian-garden fashion trend aimed to expose the old function of clothes that classified people into groups of age, gender and status (Geeky, 2012:103). Furthermore, avian- garden designers aimed to shock the public and not to create beautiful and luxurious clothing (Vine, 2005: 64). Today, contemporary civilization is so desensitizing to norms and values that designers struggle to succeed in using the shock treatment as a way to draw attention to their work. It is also very difficult for designers to create totally new designs, for almost everything has been done before. Due to this, as a designer, avian-garden is such a difficult movement to be apart of. South African designers therefore also tend not to be a part of the avian-garden movement, but to follow the European trends and use it as part of their design inspiration. In describing the history of the English Language EssayThis also served as their inspiration for the range. With this collection, Black Coffee hoped to create a collection that captivates by precision and seduces through romantic imagination (Black Coffee, 2012). This collection uses a very soft and feminine color palette in order to convey the romantic feel and to highlight the classic silhouettes. It also uses the classic clothing elements such as high-wasted pants, coats and dresses but change them in such a way that they appear as innovative garments. In 2009, Given launched a spring range with a dress that appears to be very similar to some of Black Coffees 2013 winter designs (Style, 2012). Although that is the case, Black Coffee can still be viewed as an avian-garden designer, for it creates truly innovative designs that are beautiful and functional at the same time. In case study 4, Luda Inglenooks 2012 autumn/winter range, Anamosa, are depicted. His inspiration for the designs is traditional Xhosa bodywork, craft, symbolism and colors. He uses these in knitwear made of mohair and merino wool in order for mammograms, Xhosa initiates, to wear it after they have gone through the initiation process (Inglenook, 2012). This knitwear depicts his cultural aesthetics and is very practical at the same time. AAA of his designs is contemporary and yet culturally applicable and brings the Xhosa aesthetics to any outfit (Design Indaba, 2013). One can clearly see the use of the Xhosa patterns and the bodywork inspiration in the Jersey designs. They are also colorful, true to the Xhosa traditional colors. Furthermore, Luda has succeeded in creating garments that is formal enough for the mammograms to wear, for they traditionally have to wear formal clothing for up to six months after the initiation process, to symbolize their newly found manhood Inglenook, 2012). This Jersey-knitwear does not seem to be avian-garden design, but no knitwear has been made using Xhosa patterns and bodywork as inspiration before. If one looks at the definition of avian-garden, stating that a design should be innovative to be classified as avian-garden design, then Ludas Anamosa range can be classified as avian-garden design. Case study 5 depicts Taboo Machetes 2012 range, Kabob EAI Balboa, meaning blanket of the prestige (Design Indaba, 2013). Taboo uses Bassist blankets to create stunning coats and handbags. The handbags are made out of the blanket scraps, in order to eliminate as much waste as possible. By up-cycling the blankets, Taboo is also contributing to a greener society (Macbeth, 2013). Traditional Sotto patterns can be seen in the coats, as they are traditionally on Bassist blankets. These blanket coats can certainly be classified as avian-garden, for it is cutting edge, and has not been done before. There is currently a blanket trend amongst males, but none that include fashioning clothing out of blankets. The trend merely includes males draping blankets with fashionable patterns around their neck and shoulders, almost like an over-sized scarf (Bogart, 2013). Contemporary South African fashion does not really include avian-garden fashion designs. Most trends are simply copied from European fashion trends, for we are a season behind. Therefore South Africa has a very small, yet developing avian-garden fashion movement seen in the designs of fashion designers such as Suzan Hens, Assistant Low, Black Coffee, Luda Inglenook and Taboo Macbeth. These designers works would most likely not be classified as avian-garden by famous European designers, but from a South African point of view, they would qualify. Just like the small group of artists that broke away from the bounding rules of revises established art styles, our small South African group of designers is attempting avian-garden design. They may not be the leaders of the pack, but they are certainly contending and attacking the system of following European trends. Although I have now seen that South African avian-garden is really limited and almost none existing, I am still arguing for the development of South African fashion design. I believe that the success of being truly avian-garden will lead to exposure and publicity for the country, which in turn will lead to a positive economic outcome. 2003 words List of Illustrations Case Study 1: Suzan Hens Suzan Hens, Die Form, Audiometer 2011.

Critical Thinking On Mental Health Care Access

Question: Describe about the Critical Thinking On Mental Health Care Acces? Answer: Introduction: in recent years Virginias mental health system is becoming the most concerning matter by the advocates, policy makers, and by other experts. Virginia's commission has studied on the law that were on the mental health, resulted in the reformation to strengthen the process known as civil commitment so that all the patients with serious mental could access the needed help time to time (Canady, 2014). The government of Virginia working on the mental health services to ensure that all the services working well to give access the entire individual and their families who has been suffering from the mental illness. For example, services to care and to ensure the safety of individual suffering from mental illness have been supported and funded by the Governor McAuliffe (Finkelstein et al., 2012). Access of the mental health by the individual should be increased as well as the emergency service should also be accessed at the time of the crisis. The service should intervene to prevent crisis be fore it takes place. The main problem that is addressed in this assignment is the problem in the access of the health care facilities in the community of the Virginia. The general assembly also create a subcommittee to observe the mental health system for the coming 4 years. Virginias DBHDS or the department of behavioural health and development services work to strengthen the existing policies to ensure a problem free implementation of the new laws and start an internal effort (Gewin, 2012). A task force has been developed to meet all the need of the people who need the health support. The taskforce allows the crisis stabilization units and assessment centres for the treatment of children as well as adults over the commonwealth (Sautter, et al. 2012). Some recommendation should be done in order to increasing the access of the individuals from the Virginia commonwealth. The benefits includes, the task force appointed by the government play a multifunctional role to combat the mental health crisis. They s erve at the time of mental health crisis, recommend the use of telepsychiatry, and also refine the protocols and process to tackle the mental health problems. It can be recommended that to meet the proposal that is increase the access of the mental health services in Virginia, crisis intervention team or (CIT) can be developed (Thomson, 2012). The CIT program should be funded to develop and train the law enforcement officers throughout the commonwealth. Every community in Virginia should have the active CIT program along with the assessment centres. The drawback of the program is that it needs to be funded to operate the ongoing CIT programs. The communities of the Virginia commonwealth should encourage the involvement of the college as well as the campus and police stations to be included in the programs. In addition the DBHDS should develop the CIT programs for the jail personnel. According to, another recommendation could be the Telepsychiatry. Although there are also funding required for the development of this service. Other recommendation can be the improvement of the services that involves the access to the consistent psychiatric co nsultation. Emergency services should provide the access to the prescriber or the psychiatrist to diminish the usage of hospitalization. On the other hand some other points should be considered that technological resources should be explored to develop and maximise the Telepsychiatry and other technologies that can be useful in the mental health treatment. According to, CIT programs are suitable for increasing the access of the mental health treatment. On the other hand, in order to increase the psychiatric services there should be access to the public as well as the private bed. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the above assignment that there are many ways to develop the mental health care system in the Virginia commonwealth. Government has already announces many laws that help in the strengthening the existing mental health system and also announces some new laws and legislation that help in the improvement of the mental health system throughout the Virginia commonwealth. The recommendations done by the analyst include the formation of CIT program and every community of the Virginia commonwealth should have the CIT program and assessment centres to maintaining the quality of the mental health system. According to me, it is the best method to increase the health care access of the mental patient. By the way it is also recommended that the government should fund the programs for improvement of that programs and increasing the access. It will be good if the commonwealth of Virginia to access the emergency departments of the mental health system at the time of crisis. There are a task force appointed by the government to observe and control any kind of crisis. Reference List: Canady, V. (2014). MHA issues first assessment of states' ranking on mental health status, access.Mental Health Weekly,24(46), 1-3. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mhw.30001 Finkelstein, F., Schiller, B., Daoui, R., Gehr, T., Kraus, M., Lea, J. et al. (2012). At-home short daily hemodialysis improves the long-term health-related quality of life.Kidney Int,82(5), 561-569. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ki.2012.168 Gewin, V. (2012). Mental health: Under a cloud.Njobs,490(7419), 299-301. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nj7419-299a Sautter, F., Glynn, S., Cretu, J., Senturk, D., Vaught, A. (2015). Efficacy of structured approach therapy in reducing PTSD in returning veterans: A randomized clinical trial.Psychological Services,12(3), 199-212. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ser0000032 Thomson, K. (2012). Mental health disordered probationers and access to health services.Probation Journal,59(2), 169-170. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026455051205900202